Overview: Elasticity and Revenue


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This group of readings explores economic terms and concepts that follow directly from supply and demand curves and that are important building blocks for other groups of readings. It begins with the concept of elasticity, which measures how people respond to changes. An elasticity computation can be used whenever a measurable change in something causes a measurable change in behavior. We meet the most commonly used elasticity measures: price elasticities of supply and demand, income elasticity, and cross-price elasticity. We then see how value can be represented on a demand-curve graph and meet the very important concept of marginal, examining how marginal, total, and average revenue are related. Finally we learn that elasticity and marginal revenue are related by means of a simple equation.


After you complete this unit, you should be able to:

  • Compute price elasticities of supply and demand when given the curves in the form of a table.
  • Explain what is meant when one says demand is elastic or when one says demand is inelastic.
  • Define income and cross-price elasticity, and explain what they measure.
  • Compute marginal revenue when given total revenue, and vise versa.
  • Compute average revenue when given total revenue, and vise versa.
  • Explain why marginal revenue is the slope of the total revenue curve.
  • Recognize the area that represents total revenue on a demand or supply graph.
Copyright Robert Schenk